Editors in Chief of Public Health Reports, 1878-2022: Men and Women Who Shaped the Discussion of Public Health Practice From 1918 Influenza to COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: Public Health Reports (PHR), the official journal of the Office of the US Surgeon General and US Public Health Service, is the oldest public health journal in the United States. Considering its heritage through the eyes of its past editors in chief (EICs), many of whom have been influential public health figures, can provide a fresh point of view on US public health history, of which the journal has been an integral part. Here, we reconstruct the timeline of past PHR EICs and identify women among them. METHODS: We reconstructed the PHR EIC timeline by reviewing the journal's previous mastheads and its articles describing leadership transitions. For each EIC, we identified dates in office, concurrent job titles, key contributions, and other important developments. RESULTS: PHR had 25 EIC transitions in 109 years of its history, during which a single individual in charge of the journal could be identified. Only 5 identifiable EICs were women, who served as EIC for approximately one-quarter of the journal's traceable history (28 of 109 years). PHR's longest-serving EIC was a woman named Marian P. Tebben (1974-1994). CONCLUSIONS: PHR history revealed frequent EIC transitions and a low representation of women among its EICs. Mapping the timeline of past EICs of a historic public health journal can yield valuable insights into the workings of US public health, especially in the area of building a research evidence base.

American Association of Geographers' Response to the COVID-19 Crisis

This chapter discusses how the American Association of Geographers (AAG) responded to the emerging COVID-19 pandemic during the spring of 2020. Events described include the decision to cancel the physical meeting, how the pandemic has affected AAG operations and finances and how we have used AAG resources to assist our membership. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.

Early-Career Researchers in China during the Pandemic: Qualitative Evidence from a Longitudinal Study

The outbreak of COVID-19 has changed the world in many aspects, and global scientific research has also been challenged. Early-career researchers (ECRs) who just start academic careers are prominently affected by the pandemic. To explore how Chinese ECRs have been affected, longitudinal qualitative interviews were conducted with twenty-four Chinese ECRs from different disciplines and universities in 2020 and 2021. As the results show, Chinese ECRs worry that their future prospects are limited by increased workloads and reduced productivity. However, the new wave of change did not occur for them, and their work resumed its routine and was relatively stable. Over two years, Chinese ECRs got used to working from home and giving online courses, but they were increasingly confused about when the pandemic will end. What bothers ECRs most is the inefficiency of communication and collaboration due to the travel bans, although they became familiar with the online way. © University of Toronto Press, 2023.

Gender Differences in Research Productivity of Academic Physicians Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: The gendered impact of the COVID-19 on scientific productivity has been primarily studied in nonclinical academic fields. We investigated the gendered effect of the pandemic on diverse measures of research participation among physician faculty, who experienced an increase in clinical duties concomitant with pandemic-era challenges to research. Materials and Methods: Physician faculty employed in both 2019 (prepandemic) and 2021 (pandemic era) were identified at one U.S. medical school. Annual outcomes included scientific publications, Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved protocols, and extramural funding submissions (funding data were unavailable for 2019). Mixed-effects Poisson regression models compared the pandemic impact by gender. Results: The study included 105 women and 116 men, contributing to 122 publications, 214 IRB protocols, and 99 extramural funding applications. Controlling for potential confounders such as faculty rank and track (tenure vs. nontenure), women's publication count increased by 140% during the pandemic (95% confidence interval [CI]: +40% to +310%, p = 0.001) but was unchanged among men (95% CI: -30% to +50%; p > 0.999). The number of IRB protocols decreased from 2019 to 2021, but to a greater extent among men than women. In 2021, there was no gender difference in the number of extramural funding submissions. Conclusions: Among physician faculty at our medical school, women achieved parity with men on multiple measures of scholarly activity, and women's research productivity outpaced that of men in the same faculty track and rank. Targeted initiatives to support research among women faculty, junior investigators, and clinical investigators may have helped avert exacerbation of prepandemic gender disparities in research participation.

When the Big Deal Gets Smaller: Use of ScienceDirect after Cancellations

This study investigates how article downloads from ScienceDirect changed after Temple University Libraries downsized its all-inclusive Elsevier big deal bundle to a selective custom package. After the libraries lost current-year access to nearly half of Elsevier's active journals, the total downloads from Elsevier journals declined by 16.2 percent over three years. Combined use of still-subscribed and open access journals fell 10.6 percent in the same three years, suggesting that the drop in total use is due not only to the loss of journals but also to factors that would affect the remaining journals, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and a slight decrease in enrollment. Patrons may have substituted articles from still-subscribed and open access journals for those that were canceled, though the data are not conclusive. Reliance on open access appears to have increased.

A Matter of Time: Anticipation Work and Digital Temporalities in Refugee Humanitarian Assistance in Turkey

Scholarly work interrogating time and temporality in CSCW predominantly focuses on the temporal coordination of work in high-resource settings and is usually based in Global North. This paper aims to complicate and complement this scholarship by investigating the temporal entanglements of digital humanitarian work with refugees and asylum seekers in Turkey during COVID-19. We interviewed 22 humanitarian workers to understand their experiences and concerns as well as strategies they employed to support refugees and immigrants at a distance. The data reveal the complex temporal, informational, and infrastructural dimensions of technologically-mediated refugee support work, challenging the trope of "pivot to remote work", as popular in western countries. Our findings contribute to the CSCW research on the theory of anticipation work and its relationship with the concept of collaborative rhythms to explicate the relational and situated aspects of the temporal experiences of humanitarian workers in low-resource settings. © 2023 ACM.

Learning to rank query expansion terms for COVID-19 scholarly search.

OBJECTIVE: With the onset of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there has been a surge in the number of publicly available biomedical information sources, which makes it an increasingly challenging research goal to retrieve a relevant text to a topic of interest. In this paper, we propose a Contextual Query Expansion framework based on the clinical Domain knowledge (CQED) for formalizing an effective search over PubMed to retrieve relevant COVID-19 scholarly articles to a given information need. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the sake of training and evaluation, we use the widely adopted TREC-COVID benchmark. Given a query, the proposed framework utilizes a contextual and a domain-specific neural language model to generate a set of candidate query expansion terms that enrich the original query. Moreover, the framework includes a multi-head attention mechanism that is trained alongside a learning-to-rank model for re-ranking the list of generated expansion candidate terms. The original query and the top-ranked expansion terms are posed to the PubMed search engine for retrieving relevant scholarly articles to an information need. The framework, CQED, can have four different variations, depending upon the learning path adopted for training and re-ranking the candidate expansion terms. RESULTS: The model drastically improves the search performance, when compared to the original query. The performance improvement in comparison to the original query, in terms of RECALL@1000 is 190.85% and in terms of NDCG@1000 is 343.55%. Additionally, the model outperforms all existing state-of-the-art baselines. In terms of P@10, the model that has been optimized based on Precision outperforms all baselines (0.7987). On the other hand, in terms of NDCG@10 (0.7986), MAP (0.3450) and bpref (0.4900), the CQED model that has been optimized based on an average of all retrieval measures outperforms all the baselines. CONCLUSION: The proposed model successfully expands queries posed to PubMed, and improves search performance, as compared to all existing baselines. A success/failure analysis shows that the model improved the search performance of each of the evaluated queries. Moreover, an ablation study depicted that if ranking of generated candidate terms is not conducted, the overall performance decreases. For future work, we would like to explore the application of the presented query expansion framework in conducting technology-assisted Systematic Literature Reviews (SLR).

Transformative marketing in the new normal: A novel practice-scholarly integrative review of business-to-business marketing mix challenges, opportunities, and solutions

Transformative marketing has been heralded as the future of marketing. While the initial catalyst for trans -formative marketing was the desire of customers for more meaningful engagement, the global impact of great crises (or mega disruptions) has accelerated the evolution of transformative marketing. With a focus on business -to-business (B2B) marketing, this article aims to offer transformative marketing insights to support B2B mar-keters in preparing for, navigating in, and recovering from great crises using the great lockdown that transpired during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as a case. To do so, this article employs the marketing mix as an organizing framework and performs an integrative review of practice and scholarly articles relating to B2B marketing and COVID-19. In doing so, this article delivers a seminal integrative review that is informed by both practice and scholarly sources in B2B marketing, thereby establishing its methodological novelty and value. More importantly, this article highlights "what" is necessary and "how" B2B marketers can (re)configure the product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence elements of their marketing activities to steer their B2B marketing operations toward success in a world where global crises are a commonplace. Therefore, this article contributes in two major ways: the first from a theoretical perspective, by extending the theoretical generalizability of transformative marketing, and the second from a managerial standpoint, by shedding light on practitioner issues and offering practical suggestions for B2B marketers to prepare for, navigate in, and recover from great crises in the new normal.

The Seventh Annual Academic International Medicine Virtual Congress and Scientific Forum, June 9-12, 2022: Building a Stronger Future

As the COVID-19 pandemic continued to fade, first glimpses of "post-pandemic normal " began to emerge in the late 2021 and early 2022. This new hope came with a positive new momentum - an opportunity to transform and reinvent. Yet given a high degree of uncertainty extending well into 2022, the American College of Academic International Medicine made a strategic decision in the late 2021 to move forward with Virtual 7th Annual Congress and Scientific Forum (AIM 2022). The theme of this year's meeting was "Building a Stronger Future " and reflected the early post-pandemic optimism. Primary organization of the meeting was facilitated by the Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, Florida, with substantial contributions provided by Northwell Health, Long Island, New York. The Scientific Forum once again took place virtually, enabling participants from around the globe to present their research. A summary of these efforts and outcomes is provided in this article. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Interpersonal and communication skills, Professionalism, Practice-based learning and improvement, Systems based practice.

Model(s) of the future? Overlay journals as an overlooked and emerging trend in scholarly communication

Overlay journals, a potentially overlooked model of scholarly communication, have seen a resurgence due to the increasing number of preprint repositories and preprints on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related topics. Overlay journals at various stages of maturity were examined for unique characteristics, including whether the authors submitted their article to the journal, whether the peer reviews of the article were published by the overlay journal, and whether the overlay journals took advantage of opportunities for increased discovery. As librarians and researchers seek new, futuristic models for publishing, overlay journals are emerging as an important contribution to scholarly communication.

Opening the black box of Library Hi Tech: a social network and bibliometric analysis

Purpose: This paper presents a comprehensive study using bibliometric and social network analysis (SNA) to depict the academic community, research hotspots and the correlation between research performance and social network measurements within Library Hi Tech. Design/methodology/approach: Publications from Library Hi Tech between 2010 and 2022 are reviewed and analysed through coauthorship analysis, co-occurrence analysis, SNA and the Spearman rank correlation test. Findings: The annual number of publications in Library Hi Tech increased from 2016 to 2022, indicating that this research has gradually gained global attention. The USA and China are the most significant contributors to the relevant publications. Scholars in this field mainly engage in small-scale cooperation. Academic libraries, digital libraries, libraries, information technology and COVID-19 were hot topics during the study period. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a marked increase in research on healthcare. Academic interest in the internet of Things and social media has proliferated recently and may soon attract more attention. Spearman rank correlation analysis shows that research performance (i.e. publication count and citation count) is significantly and positively correlated with social network measurements (i.e. degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality and eigenvector centrality) in studies of Library Hi Tech. Originality/value: This paper reveals a systematic picture of the research landscape of Library Hi Tech and provides a potential guide for future research. The relationship between scientific research performance and social network measurements can be objectively identified based on statistical knowledge. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.

A Game with or without Rules: 15th Congress of Société Internationale d'Ethnologie et de Folklore (SIEF)

The review of the 15th Congress of Société Internationale d'Ethnologie et de Folklore (SIEF) distinguishes major trends in the development of anthropology, ethnology, and folklore which are characterized primarily by a bigger extent of interdisciplinarity, involvement of adjacent disciplines, politization, and socialization of the traditional spheres of scholarly interests. The SIEF Congress was meant to take place offline in Helsinki, Finland, June 19–24, 2021, but due to COVID-19 restrictions was transformed into an online event. Familiar SIEF Congress themes were grouped into 18 streams (Archives and Sources, Narratives, Food, Material Culture and Museums, etc.), and supplemented by emerging themes (Posthumanism, Intersectionality), with over 1000 papers in total. The panel organized by the SIEF working group Frankophone and the stream Mobility and Migration are discussed in detail. Many presentations covered COVID-19 Internet-memes—as well as folklore and the transformation of rituals over the course of the pandemic. The authors discuss positive and negative consequences of holding a big academic event online. Overall, a broadening of the geography of the participants is observed, which enlarges the scope of the traditions studied and correspondingly invites new problems for discussion. © 2023, Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

An Ethos of Grace: Towards an Epistemic Growth in LIS as a Global Discourse

This paper is an introductory article for volume 6, issue 3 of The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI). In this article, IJIDI Editor-in-Chief Vanessa Irvin discusses ways in which within a post-COVID context, the idea of "work” has evolved for LIS scholarship. © Master of Library Science Program, East Carolina University. All Rights Reserved.

Rapid Rescoping and Adaptation: An Evaluation of the Impact of COVID-19 on Postgraduate Medical Student Research Projects.

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected tertiary science and medical education, with significant impact on research-related activities. Research projects are a mandatory requirement of the Doctor of Medicine (MD) Program at the University of Sydney, and medical student projects are delivered across multiple sites in metropolitan and rural New South Wales, Australia. Several cohorts of medical students had projects that were affected by COVID-19. The aims of this study were to determine the impact of COVID-19 on medical student research projects and describe the measures taken to rescope projects, to support students in meeting the learning objectives of the program. Mandatory submission statements for all medical student research project scientific reports for 2020-2022 were examined for reports of the effect of COVID-19 on the project, including COVID-19 related delays, downsizing and the need to change research project types. During the study period, a total of 760 student reports were submitted, of which 217 (28.7%) were affected by COVID-19. About 50% were significantly delayed, 30% were downsized, and 6% required completely new projects. Rescoping arrangements implemented facilitated the successful completion of projects. Overall, the final student grades for the research projects were unaffected by COVID-19 or the related project rescoping. Whilst significantly impacted by COVID-19, medical student research projects were completed with provision of appropriate rescoping plans and academic support. Ensuring projects have a documented contingency plan secured projects as the pandemic progressed and will be a useful safeguard for all future project delivery.

Technology Dependency and Impact during COVID-19: A Systematic Literature Review and Open Challenges

The COVID-19 pandemic is still a challenge in many countries, although life must proceed while ensuring the pandemic is managed critically. Due to the delay in producing permanent medical intervention, despite the availability of vaccines, there is still a need to depend on technology in performing several tasks. A systematic literature review that provides comprehensive evidence on technology dependence and the impact of technology on individuals during the pandemic is lacking. This study systematically reviewed scholarly works related to technology dependency from a broad view since the pandemic and mapped the research findings into a taxonomy, thus establishing the trend in technology type, major areas of technology dependency, and the impact of technology during the pandemic. The mapped taxonomy is used to expound on open challenges and recommendations. The final set from the systematic search was 76 articles. Technology might be an avenue for administering and enhancing health services, improving outreaches, and supporting curbing the spread of diseases. However, the impact of technology dependence is both positive and negative. A systematic mapping was conducted to explore the literature on the impacts of technology, where there is a need for further research. Notwithstanding the category, most of the reviewed articles emphasized the usage and impact of technology at such a time of the pandemic and provided insights on the manner of addressing them. Realistically, there has been an acceleration of digitalization trends in the present era of the COVID-19 pandemic and the possibility of rapid development of novel digital technologies. Author

How Preprint Affects the Publishing Process: Duration of the Peer Review Process between bioRxiv and Journal Papers

During the COVID-19 epidemic, the characteristics of rapid sharing of research findings were fully reflected on the bioRxiv platform, which received considerable attention from scholars. bioRxiv currently collaborates with 242 journals, addressing that it can save authors time in submitting papers to journals or peer review services by transmitting their manuscript files and metadata directly from bioRxiv. To see if preprints are altering the publishing process, we compared the duration of the peer review process between bioRxiv and journal papers. This study investigated papers' submission and publication times from bioRxiv to journals (B2J) and authors to journals (A2J) in 119 academic journals from November 2013 to February 2020. Findings reveal that 33 journals exhibited significant differences in the duration time between B2J and A2J papers. B2J papers were published faster than A2J papers in 29 journals, indicating that sharing on the preprint platform could shorten the peer review time. 85th Annual Meeting of the Association for Information Science & Technology ;Oct. 29 – Nov. 1, 2022 ;Pittsburgh, PA. Author(s) retain copyright, but ASIS&T receives an exclusive publication license.

The Future of the Monograph in the Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences: Publisher Perspectives on a Transitioning Format

A web-based survey of academic publishers was undertaken in 2021 by a team at Oxford International Centre for Publishing into the state of monograph publication in the arts, humanities, and social sciences. 25 publishing organisations responded, including many of the larger presses, representing approximately 75% of monograph output. Responses to the survey showed that the Covid 19 pandemic has accelerated the existing trend from print to digital dissemination and that Open Access (OA) titles receive substantially greater levels of usage than those published traditionally. Responses also showed that for most publishers OA publication stands at under 25% of output and that fewer than 10% of authors enquire about OA publication options. Continuing problem areas highlighted by respondents were the clearing of rights for OA publication and the standardisation of title and usage metadata. All responding organisations confirmed that they expect to be publishing monographs in ten years' time, but that they anticipate the format and/or the model will be different, with open access expected to play a key part in the future, perhaps in the context of a mixed economy of OA and ‘toll access' publication. © 2023, The Author(s).

Introducing European Law Open

Launching a new open access journal of European law in times of COVID-19, economic slumps and widespread financial pressures on higher education is not a decision to be taken lightly, and it has not been taken lightly. [...]we want to give scholarship space to breathe- literally, by encouraging long, long articles, and figuratively, by privileging ‘slow', well crafted, fully matured work. [...]European Law Open will confront the normative principles, institutional structures, decision-making processes and substantive values that purportedly found the Union and shape its law. Not only is the European Union a major actor that has significant impacts – both positive and negative – on all the mentioned concerns and problems, but its laws and institutions have played an important role in both ushering some of the current challenges and can hopefully contribute to solving them.